Mental disorders can be a risk factor as well as a consequence of HIV infection. Multiple studies have shown that certain mental illnesses (including substance dependence) increase vulnerability to HIV infection (Bogart et al., 2006; Stoff1 et ai., 2004). HIV infection can also lead to psychological reactions that range from emotional distress to frank mental disorders.’The stress of living with
Chapter 21: Prevalence and specific psychosocial factors associated with substance use and psychiatric morbidity among patients with HIV infection at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto State. Nigeria by Mufutau A. Yunusa, Ayodele Obembe, Taofeek Ibrahim and Chibueze H. Njoku
There is no gainsaying that HIV infection has assumed a pandemic nature the world over. In addition to its contribution to morbidity and mortality, possible relationship of outcome of treatment with psychiatric morbidity and substance use presents another dimension to the disease. In one study, about 50% of patients with HIV infection had substance use problems; 18.5% were frequent users
Chapter 22: Review of interventions to reduce alcohol use-related sexual risk behaviour in Africa by Neo K. Morojele & Chitra Ranchod
The harmful use of alcohol has long been recognized as a major contributor to mortality and morbidity in many parts of the globe, and in various parts of Sub-Saharan Africa in particular (WHO, 2004). Levels of alcohol consumption among those who consume alcohol are extremely high (Roerecke, Obot, Patra, & Fiehm,2008; WHO, 2004), and in some regions of Sub-Saharan Africa,
Chapter 23: Utilization of community-based outpatient addiction treatment programmes in Kenya by Clement S. Deveau, Ludovick Tengia, Carolyne Mutua, Samuel Njoroge, Lillian Dajoh & Barney Singer
Alcohol and drug abuse continue to be a significant problem in Kenya as well as other African countries. The Kenya National Campaign Against Drug Abuse Authority (NACADA) reported in their 2007 study that 70% of adults aged 15-64 with multiple partners are likely to be substance abusers. In addition, 50% of alcohol users report ongoing craving for alcohol and 25%
Chapter 24: Use of Mobile telephone technology to enhance adherence to antiretroviral therapy by Margaret O. Afolabi, Francis J. Olatoye, Omoniyi J. Ola-Olorun, Oluwafunmi A. Akinyemi & Adedayo I. Irinoye
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an extremely devastating disease which presents as a key issue in world health in recent times. AIDS is not curable yet, but it is preventable and increasingly treatable with modern medicine. With adherence to appropriate pharmacotherapy, progression of the infection to AIDS could be reasonably delayed (Hogg, Health, Yip, et aI., I998; Mocroft, Ledergerber,
Chapter 25: Ergogenic effect of varied doses of coffee-caffeine an maximal aerobic power of young black African subjects Sikiru Lamina & Danladi I. Musa
Caffeine (1,3,7- trimethyl-xanthine) is a methyl derivative of xanthine, one of the readily available stimulants consumed daily by more than 80% of the world’s population, making it the most widely consumed drug in history. It is basically a Purina compound containing two condensed heterocyclic rings. It is a naturally occurring chemical found in over 60 different species of plant leaves,
Chapter 26: Opening Address by Ahmadu Giade
OPENING ADDRESS Ahmadu Giade Chairman/Chief Executive National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) 1 Lagos, Nigeria PREAMBLE It gives me utmost pleasure to be part of this all-important gathering. All-important because the issue we are gathered here to dissect is as topical as it is critical. Drugs and HIV/AIDS have remained a twin issue that directly affects a large proportion of people in Africa